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Sonnet: Dolce stil novo -- Gavin Ewart

Thanks to Vikram Doctor for suggesting Gavin Ewart (whom I hadn't even heard of
before)...
(Poem #263) Sonnet: Dolce stil novo
That woman who to me seems most a woman
I do not compare to angels --- or digress on schismatic Popes ---
or exalt above the terrestrial or consider a madonna.
Nor do I search in others for her lineaments,
or wish for Death to free me from desire,
or consider Love an archer; or see her as a Daphne,
fleeing the embraces of Apollo, transformed into a laurel.
I am not lost in the amorous wood of Virgil.

But although I do not rhyme or use the soft Italian,
my love is a strong love, and for a certain person.
Human beings are human; I can see a man might envy
her bath water as it envelops her completely.
That's what my love would like to do; and Petrarch
can take a running jump at himself --- or (perhaps?) agree.
-- Gavin Ewart
A straightforward sonnet, more than mildly reminiscent of Shakespeare's 'My
Mistress' Eyes Are Nothing Like The Sun ' [1]. Nothing more to say, so I'll say
it.

thomas.

[1] Sonnet 130, poem #44

[Biography]

Ewart, Gavin Buchanan (1916-1996):  Ewart first published poems at the age of 17
in Geoffrey Grigson's New verse of 1933. After graduating at Christ's College,
Cambridge, he served in the Royal Artillery from 1940 to 1946, and worked for
the British Council from 1946 to 1952, and then as a copywriter in advertising
until 1971, when he became a full-time freelance writer. He became a Fellow of
the Royal Society of Literature in 1981. His works include Be my guest (1975),
Or where a young penguin lies screaming (1978),  All my little ones(1978), The
first eleven (1977) and No fool like an old fool (1976).

[Minstrels Links]

My favourite sonnet is Keats' unforgettable 'On First Looking Into Chapman's
Homer', which you can read at poem #12

A poem similar in its matter-of-factness and insight is Edwin Morgan's 'The
Unspoken', which can be found at poem #147

And as in so many other things, Shakespeare was there first and did it best with
Sonnet 130, 'My Mistress' Eyes', at poem #44

[Random Thought]

Is it just me or is there a hint of Blake in the juxtaposition of 'lineaments'
with 'desire'?

No Coward Soul is Mine -- Emily Bronte

Guest poem sent in by Mallika
(Poem #262) No Coward Soul is Mine
  No coward soul is mine,
  No trembler in the worlds storm-troubled sphere:
  I see Heavens glories shine,
  And faith shines equal, arming me from fear.

  O God within my breast.
  Almighty, ever-present Deity!
  Life -- that in me has rest,
  As I -- Undying Life -- have power in Thee!

  Vain are the thousand creeds
  That move mens hearts: unutterably vain;
  Worthless as withered weeds,
  Or idlest froth amid the boundless main,

  To waken doubt in one
  Holding so fast by Thine infinity;
  So surely anchored on
  The steadfast Rock of immortality.

  With wide-embracing love
  Thy Spirit animates eternal years,
  Pervades and broods above,
  Changes, sustains, dissolves, creates, and rears.

  Though earth and man were gone,
  And suns and universes ceased to be,
  And Thou wert left alone,
  Every existence would exist in Thee.

  There is not room for Death,
  Nor atom that his might could render void:
  Thou -- Thou art Being and Breath,
  And what Thou art may never be destroyed.
-- Emily Bronte
Why do I like it?

1. this poem underlines the fact that faith is a very personal experience,
unlike organised religion - "the thousand creeds".

2. The metaphysical cannot be dismissed - "Tho' Earth and Man were gone, ..
" reminds me forcefully of Agatha Christie's Hound of Death. We have no hope
of knowing the context in which this Terra exists. However, it is probably
safe to say that "all things are possible in this best of all possible
worlds" (who said that?) [Voltaire: "All is for the best in this best of all
possible worlds" - m.] and that there are in fact as many other worlds as
are possible.

3. This always brings me to my most fantastic theory (not mine, actually,
but most fantastic to me, because of the possibilities it holds out) that
every time we reach a crossroads in our lives, no matter how minor, there
are as many "instances" created as there are possible decisions, and these
play themselves out, sometimes meeting and merging, sometimes diverging
forever. Singlemindedness is to be recommended in this scenario, as the
strength of each "instance" is directly proportional to the "what-iffing" it
evokes. This is what causes some individuals to succeed while others spread
themselves too thin.

4. What does that have to say about the copies of others that exist and act
in our personal "instances"? Finally, that each of us has our very own
reality, and no matter what the others actually do, we interpret those
actions to suit our own needs. i.e. we are mostly living in a world peopled
with figments of our own imagination.

Here is a better critique:

  The God Within
  By Madeline Clark

  Every generation of humanity has its mystics. They are not to be described
  as a type, for each one is an original, individual, if not actually
  unique. But one factor they have in common, broadly speaking: they have
  glimpses behind the veil into the world of causes. They dwell nearer the
  heart of things where Truth abides. Jakob Boehme and William Blake come to
  mind, universally loved and revered.

  One of the most interesting and appealing of these rare souls was a young
  woman whose early death leaves her among the ever-young. A girl who grew
  up in her father's parsonage on the edge of the Yorkshire Moors: Emily
  Bronte, who wrote the still popular Wuthering Heights. The wide, wild,
  windswept moors, brooding in mystery, no better place to nurture such a
  soul.

  Emily has left us a precious volume of verse, stamped with her own
  peculiar quality, and the most famous of the poems is the one beginning

    No coward soul is mine,
    No trembler in the world's storm-troubled sphere

  This poem has been pronounced one of "the greatest in the language," and
  it is apparent that something came straight through to her in a moment of
  inspired insight. It was the last she ever wrote, and it could well be
  that already she was beginning to experience that clear vision into
  Realities that is said by old philosophers to come to those just passing
  through into "the world of light."

  Those familiar with certain ancient but always recognizable teachings that
  have come to us over the many ages will be electrified to find Emily's
  glorious lines echoing thoughts they have loved for so long. They are the
  perfect tribute to the Divine, which she invokes with

    O God within my breast,
    Almighty, ever-present Deity!
    Life -- that in me has rest,
    As I -- undying Life -- have power in Thee!

  The sacred presence of the Divine is within every sentient being, is
  coexistent with life itself, and is the wing-lifting energy through which
  we share in the universal pageant of experience. It is to her infinity,
  immortality, for later lines are

    With wide-embracing love
    Thy Spirit animates eternal years,
    Pervades and broods above,
    Changes, sustains, dissolves, Creates, and rears.

  Here she has touched upon the compassion that is the life-giving force
  guiding all evolution. It is interwoven with our destiny.

  Many will recognize this as a most important truth, for a coldly
  mechanistic universe would have no incentive to evolve, and would be, I
  feel, unthinkable. But compassion animates indeed, and raises the great
  concourse of beings ever closer to the Divine. That last line sets forth
  in few words the way that Nature works to bring about the universal
  transformation: "Changes, sustains, dissolves, creates and rears," a
  perfect description of cyclic evolution, with the coming into being of
  worlds, their continuance for a period, then their dissolution, only to be
  re-created and built up once more.

  But through all change there is yet the Changeless:
    Though earth and man were gone,
    And suns and universes ceased to be,
    And Thou were left alone,
    Every existence would exist in Thee.

  We are left with the deep consciousness of everlastingness, the
  reassurance that the Divine is always with us -- is in fact our inmost.

  In this connection, to go back to 1846, the year in which the poem was
  written: who talked then of suns and universes in this sense? The
  universe, perhaps, but universes! Immediately the concept becomes
  stupendous; and here was a frail young woman with little knowledge of
  the world daring to conceive of Space itself and of the august
  hierarchies that people it. As she says,

    There is not room for Death,
    Nor atom that his might could render void:

  A highly scientific, and at the same time metaphysical pronouncement.
  Then to close:

    Thou -- Thou art Being and Breath,
    And what Thou art may never be destroyed.

  She has brought us to the very heart of all Being and left us with
  mighty confidence and a mighty trust.

  So this is one of the great poems because genius has caught a great
  truth and set it down in words of fire. It has the sure touch, no hint
  of the common search for the right word. There are books of philosophy
  in which all this is set forth, but a flash of the poetic insight can be
  the lightning that brings not only illumination but realization.

  (From Sunrise magazine, February 1976. Copyright © 1976 by Theosophical
  University Press)

mallika

Recompense -- Robert E Howard

       
(Poem #261) Recompense
 I have not heard lutes beckon me, nor the brazen bugles call,
 But once in the dim of a haunted lea I heard the silence fall.
 I have not heard the regal drum, nor seen the flags unfurled,
 But I have watched the dragons come, fire-eyed, across the world.

 I have not seen the horsemen fall before the hurtling host,
 But I have paced a silent hall where each step waked a ghost.
 I have not kissed the tiger-feet of a strange-eyed golden god,
 But I have walked a city's street where no man else had trod.

 I have not raised the canopies that shelter revelling kings,
 But I have fled from crimson eyes and black unearthly wings.
 I have not knelt outside the door to kiss a pallid queen,
 But I have seen a ghostly shore that no man else has seen.

 I have not seen the standards sweep from keep and castle wall,
 But I have seen a woman leap from a dragon's crimson stall,
 And I have heard strange surges boom that no man heard before,
 And seen a strange black city loom on a mystic night-black shore.

 And I have felt the sudden blow of a nameless wind's cold breath,
 And watched the grisly pilgrims go that walk the roads of Death,
 And I have seen black valleys gape, abysses in the gloom,
 And I have fought the deathless Ape that guards the Doors of Doom.

 I have not seen the face of Pan, nor mocked the Dryad's haste,
 But I have trailed a dark-eyed Man across a windy waste.
 I have not died as men may die, nor sin as men have sinned,
 But I have reached a misty sky upon a granite wind.
-- Robert E Howard
For those of you who have never heard of Robert E Howard, he was to
swords-and-sorcery what Tolkien was to high fantasy. His Conan books
practically defined the genre for later authors; he stands along with
Tolkien as one of the founders of modern fantasy.

Unlike Tolkien, he did not intersperse his novels and stories with poetry;
nonetheless many of his poems clearly inhabit the same general fantasy
universe that his fiction does. Today's, for instance, deals with the
age-old theme of a barbarian commenting on civilized life; there is, of
course, little doubt as to where Howard's own sympathies lie.

As for the poem itself; as befits a barbarian's outpourings, it is more
energetic than polished; a somewhat disconnected sequence of highly vivid
images expressed in strong, masculine couplets[1]. The imagery is, of
course, instantly familiar to anyone who has read any sword-and-sorcery
fantasy; while it does at times appear cliched I have to wonder how much of
that was due to Howard's influence on the field.

  [1] masculine rhymes are those that rhyme on the final syllable only.

Then again, long exposure to fantasy has meant that even the triter phrases
are laden with associations, and thus evocative when set against the
backdrop of the genre. Which is only appropriate, given how heavily the
genre was influenced by Howard - it has in a sense helped lend his own works
a certain measure of timelessness. I do have a few complaints against the
poem - the occasional break in scansion, a few words I wish he'd avoided,
and especially the abruptness of the ending - but they're far outweighed by
the sheer cornucopia of strange and wondrous images.

m.

Biography:

The Britannica, oddly enough, doesn't deign to list either Howard or Conan.
There is also (somewhat ironically) a lot more on the net about Conan than
about Howard; still, I did manage to find the following biography:

  http://www.spe.sony.com/classics/www/misc/about.html

Here's an excerpt, but do follow up te link, if only for the Howard quote at
the beginning:

  Robert Ervin Howard was born in Peaster, Texas in 1906. The son of one of
  the southwest's most prominent pioneer physicians, Howard's youth
  coincided with the last days of Americas frontier culture, a fact that
  would forever influence him and his stories.

  Very early on, Howard steeped himself in the folklore and history of the
  southwest, the Rio Grande valley. He became fascinated with the legendary
  virility and strength of the pioneers and delighted in the innate poetry
  found in the exploration of virgin land.

  At the age of 15, he began writing his yarns, tales of savage men living
  outside the rest of society, battling against other men, for land and
  pride. Though the circumstances and settings changed, the hero, or
  anti-hero, was always somehow a shade of the same creature--part savage,
  part nobleman, part poet, part pioneer--not unlike Howard himself.

  Always described as an imposingly tall, dark, brawny man with piercing
  blue eyes, Howard's characters were as much himself as they were pulled
  from his extraordinary imagination. Howard's mentor and friend, the
  legendary father of pulp fiction H.P. Lovecraft, described him as "a lover
  of the simpler, older world of barbarian and pioneer days, when courage
  and strength took the place of subtlety and stratagem, and when a hardy,
  fearless race battled and bled...the real secret [of Howards stories] is
  that he himself is in every one of them..."

Links:

  [broken link] http://pages.ripco.net/~bbb/howard.html is a pretty comprehensive Howard
  site.

  http://collins.wssnet.com/gentzel/reh/index.html is worth a look, too

  Howard fandom is alive and well - see
  [broken link] http://www.robjob.com/rehupa/samples.html

  and the web ring at [broken link] http://markbutler.8m.com/conanwebring.htm

Moonrise -- Gerard Manley Hopkins

       
(Poem #260) Moonrise
I awoke in the Midsummer not to call night, in the white and the walk of the
morning:
The moon, dwindled and thinned to the fringe of a finger-nail held to the
candle,
Or paring of paradisaical fruit, lovely in waning but lustreless,
Stepped from the stool, drew back from the barrow, of dark Maenefa the mountain;

A cusp still clasped him, a fluke yet fanged him, entangled him, not quite
utterly.
This was the prized, the desirable sight, unsought, presented so easily,
Parted me leaf and leaf, divided me, eyelid and eyelid of slumber.
-- Gerard Manley Hopkins
This is one of the many unpublished fragments left behind in Hopkins' notebooks
[1], hence its rather disconnected nature. I'm running it for its rhythms -
they're absolutely beautiful, especially the first two lines. I'm not quite sure
if the verse itself has any meaning, though...

thomas.

[1] Fragment Poem #60, to be precise.

[Minstrels Links]

My favourite Hopkins poem is 'Inversnaid', which you can read at poem #3
 - yes, poem #3, one of the very first poems to be run on this group -
   ancient history, so to speak.

I wrote an essay about Hopkins' use of sound which I was quite pleased with; it
forms part of the commentary which accompanies 'Pied Beauty', at poem #134

Another poem which sounds exquisite but doesn't mean a thing (and intentionally
so) is Algernon Swinburne's wonderful 'Nephelidia', at poem #99

[About 'Maenefa']

Although it sounds like a fantasy world  (Hi Martin!), Maenafa is a real place -
a township in the Welsh parish of Tremeirchion in Flintshire. (The other
townships in Tremeirchion are Bryngwyn Esgob, Llan, Graig and Bachegraig - as
you've no doubt guessed, I include this piece of useless information merely for
the sound of the Welsh words).

"Tremeirchion is a considerable parish in the Vale of Clwyd, chiefly notable for
the splendid Jesuit College (St. Bueno's) which it possesses. The college stands
on an elevation, and a little distance from it on the top of a hill is a neat
little chapel; a charming view of the country for many miles is obtainable here.
Indeed the scenery to be looked upon is of a rich and varied description, and
numbers avail themselves of the luxury during the summer months."
    -- from  'A Postal Directory of Flintshire', 1886.

And it should come as no surprise that Hopkins studied theology at the
abovementioned college and called himself by the Welsh pseudonym 'Bran Maenefa'.

" ... the roots of Hopkins' Welsh pseudonym 'Bran Maenefa' lie in the Hopkins
family's lifelong nicknaming habits, in frequent comparisons of black-gowned
priests to crowish birds, and in the Crows' Nests, seats atop trees near Saint
Bueno's College, where Hopkins studied in Wales."
    --  from 'Hopkins as the Crow of Maenefa' (Hopkins Quarterly vol. 23, nos.
3-4 [Summer/Fall 1996]: pp. 113-120), Norman White .

It's amazing what you can find on the Web, isn't it?

Songs from an Evil Wood -- Lord Dunsany

A doubly appropriate poem...
(Poem #259) Songs from an Evil Wood
                 I.

 There is no wrath in the stars,
       They do not rage in the sky;
 I look from the evil wood
       And find myself wondering why.

 Why do they not scream out
       And grapple star against star,
 Seeking for blood in the wood,
       As all things round me are?

 They do not glare like the sky
       Or flash like the deeps of the wood;
 But they shine softly on
       In their sacred solitude.

 To their happy haunts
       Silence from us has flown,
 She whom we loved of old
       And know it now she is gone.

 When will she come again
       Though for one second only?
 She whom we loved is gone
       And the whole world is lonely.

 And the elder giants come
       Sometimes, tramping from far,
 Through the weird and flickering light
       Made by an earthly star.

 And the giant with his club,
       And the dwarf with rage in his breath,
 And the elder giants from far,
       They are the children of Death.

 They are all abroad to-night
       And are breaking the hills with their brood,
 And the birds are all asleep,
       Even in Plugstreet Wood.

                 II.

 Somewhere lost in the haze
       The sun goes down in the cold,
 And birds in this evil wood
       Chirrup home as of old;

 Chirrup, stir and are still,
       On the high twigs frozen and thin.
 There is no more noise of them now,
       And the long night sets in.

 Of all the wonderful things
       That I have seen in the wood,
 I marvel most at the birds,
       At their chirp and their quietude.

 For a giant smites with his club
       All day the tops of the hill,
 Sometimes he rests at night,
       Oftener he beats them still.

 And a dwarf with a grim black mane
       Raps with repeated rage
 All night in the valley below
       On the wooden walls of his cage.

                 III.

 I met with Death in his country,
       With his scythe and his hollow eye
 Walking the roads of Belgium.
       I looked and he passed me by.

 Since he passed me by in Plug Street,
       In the wood of the evil name,
 I shall not now lie with the heroes,
       I shall not share their fame;

 I shall never be as they are,
       A name in the land of the Free,
 Since I looked on Death in Flanders
       And he did not look at me.
-- Lord Dunsany
I was considering interrupting this week's theme to post a World War I poem,
and will admit to getting carried away by the sheer serendipity of finding
one written by a fantasy author.

Like Wodehouse, Dunsany's prose is far better than his poetry; still,
today's poem gives some indication of his style - highly coloured,
imaginative, abundantly supplied with imagery and atmosphere, and fantastic
in every sense of the word.

The last section anchors the poem directly in reality (Dunsany was a WW1
veteran), and involves a fairly noticeable change in style. The images are
quieter, and less 'wild', the tense shifts slightly into reminiscence.
While in no way original (all the images and concepts have been used time
and again, and by a number of poets) it winds up the poem nicely and leaves
the reader with an interesting blend of the more ominous aspects of fantasy
and reality.

Biography:

  Dunsany, Edward John Moreton Drax Plunkett, 18th baron of

   b. July 24, 1878, London d. Oct. 25, 1957, Dublin

  Irish dramatist and storyteller, whose many popular works combined
  imaginative power with intellectual ingenuity to create a credible world
  of fantasy.

  Educated at Eton and Sandhurst, Dunsany served in the South African War
  and World War I. His first book of short stories was The Gods of Pegana
  (1905); his first play, The Glittering Gate, was produced by the Abbey
  Theatre in Dublin in 1909; and his first London production, The Gods of
  the Mountain, at the Haymarket Theatre in 1911. As in his more than 50
  subsequent verse plays, novels, short stories and memoirs, in these works
  Dunsany explored in a richly coloured prose mysterious kingdoms of fairies
  and gods; he also introduced a characteristic element of the macabre.

        -- EB

Links:

For a wonderful site on Lord Dunsany, see
  <[broken link] http://www.interlog.com/~case/support/dunsany.html>

Some WW1 and related poems run previously on Minstrels:

  'In Flanders Fields', probably both the best-known and the best WW1 poem: poem #11
  'Tommy' - not directly WW1 related, but nonetheless relevant: poem #43
  'Dover Beach': poem #89

m.